In the early 1990s, Japan took the lead in adding kojic acid to cosmetics as a whitening ingredient, mainly using its inhibitory effect on tyrosinase to whiten the skin and remove spots. Subsequent studies found that kojic acid may be risky, and in 2003, the Japanese government banned the import and reproduction of cosmetics containing kojic acid. Later, due to insufficient evidence, the addition of kojic acid to cosmetics was re-regulated in 2005.
There are no provisions on kojic acid in the EU Cosmetics Regulation (EC) No 1223/2009.
According to the information provided to the FDA by the US industry Voluntary Cosmetics Registration Program (VCRP), kojic acid is used in 16 products such as bath products and skin care products.
In the current use concentration survey conducted by the Personal Care Products Committee, the use concentration of kojic acid ranges from 0.1% to 2% by mass, and the maximum concentration is used in face and neck creams, lotions and powders.
The evaluation conclusion of the US Cosmetic Ingredient Evaluation Committee (CIR) on kojic acid: Under certain conditions of use, the maximum allowable concentration of kojic acid (mass fraction 1.0%) is safe.
What are the disadvantages of kojic acid on the skin?
1. Kojic acid is commonly utilized at quantities of 1% to 4%. Higher concentrations may increase the risk of irritation, particularly on sensitive skin.
If not used for a long time, put it in the refrigerator to help preserve the activity of kojic acid and extend the shelf life.
2. Kojic acid has certain irritability and sensitization, sensitive muscles should be used with caution.
Kojic acid can produce skin irritation, redness, or burning sensations, particularly in people with sensitive skin or those who are new to using it. If irritation develops, lower the frequency or quit use.
3. Kojic acid makes the skin more sensitive to UV damage. It is critical to apply sunscreen with a high SPF during the day to protect your skin from UV rays, even if you are not using kojic acid.
When using products containing kojic acid during the day, be sure to protect your skin with sun protection.
4. To avoid dryness or irritation, use an excellent moisturizer in conjunction with kojic acid.
5. Before using kojic acid on a regular basis, perform a patch test on a small area of your skin and monitor for any adverse responses for at least 24 hours.
