Brexanolone

Brexanolone is a synthetic form of allopregnanolone.
Allopregnanolone is a hormone produced by progesterone in the brain that helps relieve depression and anxiety by suppressing neural activity.
As the first PPD treatment drug, Brexanolone achieved remarkable results in phase II clinical trials. Multiple studies have shown that infusion of Brexanolone for 60 hours significantly reduces depressive symptoms.
Researchers at the University of North Carolina have found that brexanolone works through GABA neurons and can effectively treat PPD symptoms. New research suggests brexanolone may act on GABA neurons in two specific brain regions.

Brexanolone is a neuroactive steroid γ-aminobutyric acid-A receptor modulator. It can effectively alleviate postpartum depression through appropriate supplementation of γ-aminobutyric acid receptors and is suitable for the treatment of adult postpartum depression (PPD).
Researchers examined the therapeutic effect of Brexanolone, an allosteric modulator of gamma-aminobutyric acid alpha receptors, on moderate to severe postpartum depression.
This phase III clinical study was carried out in 30 medical centers in the United States, with children aged 18-45 and less than 6 months postpartum.
It is thought to be associated with positive allosteric regulation of GABA-A receptors in adult postpartum depression.

This is a fast-acting drug for treating postpartum depression. Nancy Byatt, a psychiatrist at the University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, said.
Brexanolone was approved by the FDA in 2019 for the treatment of postpartum depression. And it works faster than antidepressants currently used to treat postpartum depression. The drug is injected into the patient's body through a course of continuous intravenous injection for 60 hours to relieve his depressive symptoms.

Reference

[1]. Lüscher B, Möhler H. Open Peer Review Brexanolone, a neurosteroid antidepressant, vindicates the GABAergic deficit hypothesis of depression and may foster resilience [version 1; peer review: 4 approved] 2019.

[2]. Zheng W, Bin Cai D, Sim K, Ungvari GS, Peng XJ, Ning YP et al. Brexanolone for postpartum depression: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled studies. Psychiatry Res. 2019;279:83–89.